In Colombia, the vast majority of coffee is cultivated, harvested, and processed on small family-owned farms. While producers manage their own farms and post-harvest processes, they rely on strong partnerships to bring their coffee to international markets and achieve fair prices.
To support this system of smallholder production, Colombia established the Federación Nacional de Cafeteros de Colombia (FNC), which coordinates a complex network of larger regional coffee cooperatives. These cooperatives provide essential logistical support, including centralised warehouses for storing dried parchment and dry mills where coffee is prepared for export and graded by size.
The Excelso grade refers to beans that do not pass through a screen smaller than 14/64 of an inch. Excelso lots are often traceable to different regions of Colombia, each with distinct harvest times, allowing for a consistent supply of fresh Colombian coffee throughout the year.
Colombia is the second-largest coffee producer in the world and the largest producer of washed and Arabica coffee, widely recognised for its high quality. The country exports around 12.5 million bags anually, while approximately 2 million bags are consumed domestically.
Excelso beans are sourced from several Colombian coffee-growing regions, including Caldas (29%), Antioquia (18%), Valle del Cauca (13%), Huila (5%), Cauca (4%), with smaller contributions from Tolima and Santander.
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